Since welding deformation is mostly caused by the asymmetric heat generated by welding, resulting in different expansions, several methods to prevent welding deformation are summarized as follows for reference:
1. Reduce the cross-sectional area of the weld. On the premise of obtaining a complete weld without excessive defects, use a smaller groove size (angle and gap) as much as possible.
2. Use a welding method with a smaller heat input. For example: CO2 gas shielded welding.
3. For thick plate welding, use multi-layer welding instead of single-layer welding as much as possible.
4. Under the condition of meeting the design requirements, the welding of longitudinal and transverse reinforcing ribs can be done by intermittent welding.
5. When both sides can be welded, use a double-sided symmetrical groove, and use a welding sequence symmetrical to the neutral axis of the component when welding multiple layers.
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6. When the thickness of the T-joint plate is large, a beveled angle butt weld is used.
7. The anti-deformation method before welding is used to control the angular deformation after welding.
8. The rigid clamp fixation method is used to control the deformation after welding.
9. The reserved length method of the component is used to compensate for the longitudinal shrinkage deformation of the weld. For example, 0.5~0.7 mm can be reserved per meter for the H-shaped longitudinal weld.
10. For the distortion of long components. It mainly depends on improving the flatness of the plate and the assembly accuracy of the component to make the bevel angle and gap accurate. The arc is pointed or aligned accurately so that the weld angle deformation and the longitudinal deformation value of the wing plate and the web are consistent with the length direction of the component.
11. When welding components with more welds or installing structures, a reasonable welding sequence should be adopted.
12. When welding thin plates, underwater welding is used. That is, the molten pool is surrounded by protective gas in water, and the gas completely removes the nearby water to ensure normal welding. With this method, the metal around the solid solution pool is cooled by water in time, and the deformation is controlled to a very small degree (circulating coolant is added on the opposite side of the welding side to take away the heat generated by welding).
13. Multi-section symmetrical welding, that is, weld one section, stop for a while, weld on the opposite side, and stop for a while.
Post time: Apr-24-2025
